Research Themes +
Energy Technologies Area (ETA) researchers are continually building on the strong scientific foundation we have developed over the past 50 years. We address the world’s most pressing climate challenges by bringing to market energy-efficient innovations across the buildings, transportation, and industrial sectors. ETA is at the forefront of developing better batteries for electric vehicles; improving the country's aging electrical grid and innovating distributed energy and storage solutions; developing grid-interactive, efficient buildings; and providing the most comprehensive market and data analysis worldwide for renewable technologies like wind and solar.
Strategic Initiatives +
The Energy Technologies Area (ETA) Strategic Plan is the guiding force for our research and development for the next ten years. It clearly charts a path toward clean-energy solutions and focuses on five detailed Strategic Initiatives. The Plan provides an in-depth look at how ETA is accelerating research to provide affordable, clean energy to all while accomplishing deep, economy-wide decarbonization, looking to avoid a rise in global average temperature while simultaneously developing solutions to increase humanity's resilience to extreme weather volatility.
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For media inquiries,
please contact ETA
Interim Communications Manager
Kiran Julin

kjulin@lbl.gov
About Us +
The Energy Technologies Area (ETA) is unique in translating fundamental scientific discoveries into scalable technology adoption. Our approach combines an understanding of the marketplace and the role of state and federal regulation and policies. ETA's research drives real-world, practical results that affect and improve the everyday lives of Americans and those across the globe. Saving energy and battling the Climate Crisis are key to the foundation of our research, which is driven by technoeconomic analysis and in-lab experimentation and discovery.

Publications: Liu Lab

Publications by Research Area

Demand Response

Electricity Markets & Policy

Energy Efficiency

Industrial Energy Analysis

Renewable Energy

Sustainable Energy & Environmental Systems

Publications by Division

Building Technology (BTUS)

Energy Analysis (EAEI)

Energy Storage (ESDR)

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2022

Hubble, Dion, David Emory Brown, Yangzhi Zhao, Chen Fang, Jonathan Lau, Bryan D McCloskey, and Gao Liu."Liquid electrolyte development for low-temperature lithium-ion batteries."Energy & Environmental Science 15.2 (2022) 550 - 578. DOI

Zhu, Tianyu, Thanh-Nhan Tran, Chen Fang, Dongye Liu, Subramanya P Herle, Jie Guan, Girish Gopal, Ajey Joshi, James Cushing, Andrew M Minor, and Gao Liu."Lithium substituted poly(amic acid) as a water-soluble anode binder for high-temperature pre-lithiation."Journal of Power Sources 521 (2022) 230889. DOI

Xiao, Haiqing, Chen Fang, Tianyue Zheng, Hua Bai, and Gao Liu."Investigation of SiOx anode fading mechanism with limited capacity cycling."APL Materials 10.1 (2022) 011108. DOI

Fang, Chen, Insun Yoon, Dion Hubble, Thanh-Nhan Tran, Robert Kostecki, and Gao Liu."Recent Applications of Langmuir–Blodgett Technique in Battery Research."ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 14.2 (2022) 2431 - 2439. DOI

2021

Zhuo, Zengqing, Kehua Dai, Jinpeng Wu, Liang Zhang, Nobumichi Tamura, Yi- de Chuang, Jun Feng, Jinghua Guo, Zhi-xun Shen, Gao Liu, Feng Pan, and Wanli Yang."Distinct Oxygen Redox Activities in Li2MO3 (M = Mn, Ru, Ir)."ACS Energy Letters 6.10 (2021) 3417 - 3424. DOI

Lau, Jonathan, Joseph K Papp, Drew Lilley, Piyachai Khomein, Sumanjeet Kaur, Christopher Dames, Gao Liu, and Ravi S Prasher."Dynamic tunability of phase-change material transition temperatures using ions for thermal energy storage."Cell Reports Physical Science 2.10 (2021) 100613. DOI

Zhuo, Zengqing, Kehua Dai, Ruimin Qiao, Rui Wang, Jinpeng Wu, Yali Luo, Jiayue Peng, Liquan Chen, Yi-den Chuang, Feng Pan, Zhi-xun Shen, Gao Liu, Hong Li, Thomas P Devereaux, and Wanli Yang."Cycling mechanism of Li₂MnO₃: Li–CO₂ batteries and commonality on oxygen redox in cathode materials."Joule 5.4 (2021) 975 - 997. DOI

Zhuo, Zengqing, Kehua Dai, Ruimin Qiao, Rui Wang, Jinpeng Wu, Yali Liu, Jiayue Peng, Liquan Chen, Yi- de Chuang, Feng Pan, Zhi-xun Shen, Gao Liu, Hong Li, Thomas P Devereaux, and Wanli Yang."Cycling mechanism of Li2MnO3: Li–CO2 batteries and commonality on oxygen redox in cathode materials."Joule 5.4 (2021) 975 - 997. DOI

Zhu, Tianyu, and Gao Liu."Communication—Functional Conductive Polymer Binder for Practical Si-Based Electrodes."Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168.5 (2021) 050533. DOI

Zhong, Haoxiang, Yangzhi Zhao, Ting Zhang, and Gao Liu."Controlled Lithium Deposition on Alq ₃ Coated Substrate."Batteries & Supercaps 4.1 (2021) 5 - 5. DOI

Hopkins, Emma J, Sarah Frisco, Ryan T Pekarek, Caleb Stetson, Zoey Huey, Steven Harvey, Xiang Li, Baris Key, Chen Fang, Gao Liu, Guang Yang, Glenn Teeter, Nathan R Neale, and Gabriel M Veith."Examining CO₂ as an Additive for Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation on Silicon Anodes."Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168.3 (2021) 030534. DOI

Zhou, Shuo, Chen Fang, Xiangyun Song, and Gao Liu."Highly Ordered Carbon Coating Prepared with Polyvinylidene Chloride Precursor for High‐Performance Silicon Anodes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries."Batteries & Supercaps 4.1 (2021) 240 - 247. DOI

Wang, Jin, Ting Zhang, Zijia Xu, Guo Ai, Wei Yue, Kehua Dai, Bo Zhang, Dejun Li, Shaohua yang, Jingbo Zhang, Gao Liu, and Wenfeng Mao."Insights into the Dynamic Catalytic Effect of Metal Sulfides with Prominent Lithiation Process in the Application of Li–S Batteries."ACS Applied Energy Materials 3.11 (2021) 11131 - 11141. DOI

Fang, Chen, Jonathan Lau, Dion Hubble, Piyachai Khomein, Eric A Dailing, Yi Liu, and Gao Liu."Large-Molecule Decomposition Products of Electrolytes and Additives Revealed by On-Electrode Chromatography and MALDI."Joule 5.2 (2021) 415 - 428. DOI

Li, Lingjie, Xia Li, Jinlong Chen, Lei Liu, Jinglei Lei, Nianbing Li, Gao Liu, and Fusheng Pan."One-step spraying method to construct superhydrophobic magnesium surface with extraordinary robustness and multi-functions."Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 9.2 (2021) 668 - 675. DOI

Park, Hyeokjun, Orapa Tamwattana, Jihyeon Kim, Sunisa Buakeaw, Rattiya Hongtong, Byunghoon Kim, Piyachai Khomein, Gao Liu, Nonglak Meethong, and Kisuk Kang."Probing Lithium Metals in Batteries by Advanced Characterization and Analysis Tools."Advanced Energy Materials 11.15 (2021) 2003039. DOI

Khomein, Piyachai, Wesley Ketelaars, Tijs Lap, and Gao Liu."Sulfonated aromatic polymer as a future proton exchange membrane: A review of sulfonation and crosslinking methods."Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 137 (2021) 110471. DOI

Jia, Lujie, Jian Wang, Shuaiyang Ren, Guoxi Ren, Xiang Jin, Licheng Kao, Xuefei Feng, Feipeng Yang, Qi Wang, Ludi Pan, Qingtian Li, Yi‐sheng Liu, Yang Wu, Gao Liu, Jun Feng, Shoushan Fan, Yifan Ye, Jinghua Guo, and Yuegang Zhang."Unraveling Shuttle Effect and Suppression Strategy in Lithium/Sulfur Cells by In Situ/Operando X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopic Characterization."ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS 4.2 (2021) 222 - 228. DOI

2020

Dai, Kehua, Jing Mao, Zengqing Zhuo, Yan Feng, Wenfeng Mao, Guo Ai, Feng Pan, Yi-den Chuang, Gao Liu, and Wanli Yang."Negligible voltage hysteresis with strong anionic redox in conventional battery electrode."Nano Energy 74 (2020) 104831. DOI

Mao, Wenfeng, Wei Yue, Zijia Xu, Jin Wang, Jingbo Zhang, Dejun Li, Bo Zhang, Shaohua yang, Kehua Dai, Gao Liu, and Guo Ai."Novel Hoberman Sphere Design for Interlaced Mn₃O₄@CNT Architecture with Atomic Layer Deposition-Coated TiO₂ Overlayer as Advanced Anodes in Li-Ion Battery."ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12.35 (2020) 39282 - 39292. DOI

Shan, Xiaojian, Zhang Cao, Guobin Zhu, Yan Wang, Qunting Qu, Gao Liu, and Honghe Zheng."A trimethylol melamine functionalized polyvinyl alcohol network for high performance nano-silicon anodes."Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7.45 (2020) 26029 - 26038. DOI

Liu, Zhimeng, Xin He, Chen Fang, Luis E Camacho‐Forero, Yangzhi Zhao, Yanbao Fu, Jun Feng, Robert Kostecki, Perla B Balbuena, Junhua Xhang, Jingxin Lei, and Gao Liu."Reversible Crosslinked Polymer Binder for Recyclable Lithium Sulfur Batteries with High Performance."Advanced Functional Materials 30.36 (2020) 2003605. DOI

Zhao, Yangzhi, Chen Fang, Guangzhao Zhang, Dion Hubble, Asritha Nallapaneni, Chenhui Zhu, Zhuowen Zhao, Zhimeng Liu, Jonathan Lau, Yanbao Fu, and Gao Liu."A Micelle Electrolyte Enabled by Fluorinated Ether Additives for Polysulfide Suppression and Li Metal Stabilization in Li-S Battery."Frontiers in Chemistry 8 (2020). DOI

Mao, Wenfeng, Wei Yue, Zijia Xu, Shiyong Chang, Qianqian Hu, Feng Pei, Xiangdong Huang, Jingbo Zhang, Dejun Li, Gao Liu, and Guo Ai."Development of a Synergistic Activation Strategy for the Pilot-Scale Construction of Hierarchical Porous Graphitic Carbon for Energy Storage Applications."ACS Nano 14.4 (2020) 4741 - 4754. DOI

Wu, Jinpeng, Zengqing Zhuo, Xiaohui Rong, Kehua Dai, Zachary Lebens-Higgins, Shawn Sallis, Feng Pan, Louis F. J Piper, Gao Liu, Yi- De Chuang, Zahid Hussain, Qinghao Li, Rong Zeng, Zhi-xun Shen, and Wanli Yang."Dissociate lattice oxygen redox reactions from capacity and voltage drops of battery electrodes."Science Advances 6.6 (2020) eaaw3871. DOI